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Unpacking GATS Article VI.4 on domestic regulation exposes possibly the single most controversial item on the current negotiating agenda, and also one of the greatest threats that GATS poses to democracy. Concern is all the greater because it is not clear whether rules developed in the current negotiations on Article VI.4 will apply to all service sectors or only those where specific commitments have been made. Complex judgement decides the appropriateness of domestic regulations in the services sector, ensuring a balance between public interest and commercial considerations. This judgement must not be allowed to pass from elected governments to WTO disputes panels.